In this tutorial, you'll learn to create a Weather App using JavaScript, HTML, and CSS. This application will fetch weather data from the OpenWeatherMap API based on user input and display it on the page.
Project Setup
Create a Project Directory: Name it weather-app. This will organize your project files.
File Structure:
- index.html: Contains the markup for the application.
- style.css: Styles the application.
- script.js: Contains the logic to fetch and display weather data.
Development Steps
1. HTML Markup (index.html)
- Start with a basic HTML structure. Link your CSS and JavaScript files.
- Create a form with an input field for the user to search by location (e.g., city name).
- Include a main element (<main>) where the weather data will be displayed.
Let's open the index.html file and add the following code to it:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
<title>Weather App</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css" />
<script src="script.js" defer></script>
</head>
<body>
<form id="form">
<input
type="text"
id="search"
placeholder="Search by location"
autocomplete="off"
/>
</form>
<main id="main"></main>
</body>
</html>
2. Styling (style.css)
- Apply global styles and import a font from Google Fonts for a clean look.
- Style the input field with rounded corners and a box shadow for depth.
- Design the weather display section to center content and enhance the visibility of weather information.
Let's open the style.css file and add the following CSS code to it:
@import url("https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@200;400;600&display=swap");
* {
box-sizing: border-box;
}
body {
background: linear-gradient(300deg, #ced1d6, #bfc0c0);
font-family: "Poppins", sans-serif;
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
margin: 0;
min-height: 100vh;
}
input {
background-color: #fff;
border: none;
border-radius: 25px;
box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
font-family: inherit;
font-size: 1rem;
padding: 1rem;
min-width: 300px;
}
input:focus {
outline: none;
}
.weather {
font-size: 2rem;
text-align: center;
}
.weather h2 {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
margin-bottom: 0;
}
3. JavaScript Logic (script.js)
Initialization:
- Define your API key from OpenWeatherMap.
- You’ll need to sign up for a free API key at OpenWeatherMap to use their service.
- Select the DOM elements you will interact with: the form, search input, and main content area.
Fetching Weather Data:
- Construct the API URL to fetch weather data for the user-specified location.
- Create an asynchronous function to fetch weather data using the Fetch API, then parse the response as JSON.
- Handle errors gracefully to alert the user if the data cannot be retrieved.
Displaying Weather Data:
- Convert the temperature from Kelvin to Celsius for readability.
- Create a function to update the DOM with the weather data, including the temperature, weather conditions, and an icon representing the weather.
- Clear the previous search results each time new data is fetched.
Event Handlers:
- Add an event listener to the form to prevent the default submit action and call the function to fetch and display weather data when a user searches for a location.
Let's open the script.js file and add the following JavaScript code to it:
const apikey = "3265874a2c77ae4a04bb96236a642d2f";
const main = document.getElementById("main");
const form = document.getElementById("form");
const search = document.getElementById("search");
const url = (city) =>
`https://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/weather?q=${city}&appid=${apikey}`;
async function getWeatherByLocation(city) {
const resp = await fetch(url(city), { origin: "cors" });
const respData = await resp.json();
console.log(respData);
addWeatherToPage(respData);
}
function addWeatherToPage(data) {
const temp = KtoC(data.main.temp);
const weather = document.createElement("div");
weather.classList.add("weather");
weather.innerHTML = `
<h2><img src="https://openweathermap.org/img/wn/${data.weather[0].icon}@2x.png" /> ${temp}°C <img src="https://openweathermap.org/img/wn/${data.weather[0].icon}@2x.png" /></h2>
<small>${data.weather[0].main}</small>
`;
// cleanup
main.innerHTML = "";
main.appendChild(weather);
}
function KtoC(K) {
return Math.floor(K - 273.15);
}
form.addEventListener("submit", (e) => {
e.preventDefault();
const city = search.value;
if (city) {
getWeatherByLocation(city);
}
});Open index.html in Browser
Let's open the index.html file in the browser, and you will be able to see the following screen:
Conclusion
Following these steps, you've created a functional Weather App that can provide real-time weather updates for different locations. This project introduces you to working with APIs, asynchronous JavaScript, and dynamically updating the HTML with JavaScript.
Feel encouraged to expand on this project:
- Implement error handling for invalid location searches.
- Add more weather details like wind speed, humidity, and pressure.
- Explore adding a feature to switch between Celsius and Fahrenheit.
- Consider implementing a feature that uses the user's current location to fetch weather data automatically.
This Weather App project serves as a practical introduction to creating web applications with JavaScript. It showcases the power of APIs in integrating dynamic data into projects.
Comments
Post a Comment
Leave Comment