XML stands for Extensible Markup Language that defines a set of rules for encoding documents in a format that is both human-readable and machine-readable. Whether you are a web developer, data analyst, or someone simply looking to grasp the fundamentals of XML, this quiz will test your beginner-level knowledge. Each question will have an answer provided, along with a brief explanation to clarify the concept. Good luck!
1. What does XML stand for?
A. Xtreme Markup Language
B. Extended Markup Language
C. Exquisite Markup Language
D. Extensible Markup Language
2. Which of the following symbols marks the start of an XML tag?
A. {}
B. ()
C. <>
D. []
3. Which of the following is the correct way to declare an XML version and encoding?
A. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
B. <xml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8>
C. {xml version:"1.0", encoding:"UTF-8"}
D. xml(version=1.0, encoding=UTF-8)
4. Which of the following is a self-closing XML tag?
A. <tag></tag>
B. <tag>
C. <tag/>
D. </tag>
5. How do you add a comment in XML?
A. <!--This is a comment-->
B. //This is a comment
C. # This is a comment
D. * This is a comment
6. Which of the following XML elements is correctly nested?
A. <outer><inner></inner></outer>
B. <outer><inner></outer></inner>
C. <outer></inner><inner></outer>
D. <outer><inner>
7. Can XML tags contain spaces?
A. Yes
B. No
C.
D.
8. Which of the following is not a purpose of XML?
A. Styling web pages
B. Storing data
C. Transporting data
D. Describing data
9. What do XML attributes provide?
A. Additional information about an element
B. Structure to the XML document
C. A way to create comments
D. A method to close an element
10. Which of the following is a correct XML attribute?
A. <tag attribute="value">
B. <tag attribute=value>
C. <tag "attribute"="value">
D. <tag attribute: value>
11. How can you specify an XML namespace?
A. xmlns:prefix="namespace-URL"
B. namespace:prefix="namespace-URL"
C. ns:prefix="namespace-URL"
D. xml-namespace:prefix="namespace-URL"
12. If an XML element is defined as empty, what does it mean?
A. It has a closing tag but no opening tag
B. It has neither child elements nor text
C. It contains only attributes
D. It contains only comments
13. Which of the following tools can be used to transform XML documents into other formats?
A. XPath
B. XSLT
C. XQuery
D. XML Schema
14. What does XPath primarily do in XML?
A. Transform XML data
B. Validate XML structure
C. Navigate and extract parts of an XML document
D. Declare XML namespaces
15. Which of the following characters is a reserved character in XML?
A. $
B. #
C. &
D. @
16. How do you reference an external DTD in an XML document?
A. <!DOCTYPE root-element SYSTEM "file.dtd">
B. <!DTD root-element SYSTEM "file.dtd">
C. <!XML root-element DTD "file.dtd">
D. <!DEFINE root-element FROM "file.dtd">
17. Which of the following elements describes metadata inside the XML document and is placed at the top?
A. <header>
B. <meta>
C. <info>
D. <prolog>
18. Why would you use XQuery with XML?
A. To define the structure of XML documents
B. To transform XML data into other formats
C. To query and manipulate XML data
D. To navigate through an XML document hierarchically
19. How can you include special characters in an XML document without them being interpreted as markup?
A. Using backslashes
B. Using Unicode escapes
C. Using CDATA sections
D. Using hexadecimal notation
20. Which of the following is the root element in the XML document?
A. The first element in the document
B. The last element in the document
C. The element that has no parent
D. The element that has no children
21. What purpose does the XML namespace serve?
A. It provides a unique identity for elements and attributes
B. It defines the structure of an XML document
C. It specifies the default values for attributes
D. It declares the version of XML used in the document
22. What is the key difference between XML and HTML?
A. XML is a markup language, while HTML is a programming language
B. XML is used for data representation, while HTML is used for data presentation
C. XML is case-sensitive, while HTML is not
D. XML has predefined tags, while HTML allows custom tags
23. Which of the following tools is NOT directly associated with XML processing?
A. XSLT
B. XPath
C. JDBC
D. XQuery
24. Which statement about XML attributes is true?
A. Attributes can contain multiple values
B. Attributes can have child elements
C. Each attribute must have a unique name within its element
D. Attributes are mandatory for every element
25. Which XML parser provides a tree structure of an XML document and allows the developer to navigate the tree?
A. SAX (Simple API for XML)
B. DOM (Document Object Model)
C. XSLT
D. XPath
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