JDBC Statement - Create a Table Example

In this tutorial, we will explore how to use the JDBC Statement interface to create a table in a MySQL database. The Statement interface provides methods to execute SQL queries, including creating tables, inserting data, and retrieving data.

Introduction

What is JDBC?

Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) is an API that enables Java applications to interact with databases. It provides methods to query and update data in a database, as well as to retrieve metadata about the database itself.

What is Statement?

The Statement interface is a part of the JDBC API and provides methods to execute SQL queries against the database. It is typically used for executing static SQL statements that do not require parameters.

Table of Contents

1. Setting Up the MySQL Database
2. Adding MySQL JDBC Driver to Your Project
3. Establishing a Database Connection
4. Creating a Table with JDBC Statement
5. Closing the Connection
6. Conclusion

1. Setting Up the MySQL Database

First, create a database named jdbc_example. Open your MySQL command line or any MySQL client and execute the following commands:

CREATE DATABASE jdbc_example;

USE jdbc_example;

2. Adding MySQL JDBC Driver to Your Project

To interact with a MySQL database, you need to add the MySQL JDBC driver to your project. If you are using Maven, add the following dependency to your pom.xml file:

<dependency>
    <groupId>mysql</groupId>
    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    <version>8.0.30</version>
</dependency>

3. Establishing a Database Connection

We will start by establishing a connection to the MySQL database using JDBC.

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.SQLException;

public class JDBCExample {
    private static final String URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/jdbc_example";
    private static final String USER = "root";
    private static final String PASSWORD = "password";

    public static Connection getConnection() throws SQLException {
        return DriverManager.getConnection(URL, USER, PASSWORD);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try (Connection connection = getConnection()) {
            if (connection != null) {
                System.out.println("Connected to the database!");
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

4. Creating a Table with JDBC Statement

We can use the Connection interface to create a Statement object and execute SQL queries. Here, we will create a products table.

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;

public class CreateTableExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String createTableSQL = "CREATE TABLE products (" +
                "id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, " +
                "name VARCHAR(100), " +
                "description VARCHAR(255), " +
                "price DECIMAL(10, 2)" +
                ")";

        try (Connection connection = JDBCExample.getConnection();
             Statement statement = connection.createStatement()) {

            // Create table
            statement.execute(createTableSQL);
            System.out.println("Table created successfully!");

        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

5. Closing the Connection

Using the try-with-resources statement ensures that the connection is closed automatically. This is important to free up database resources.

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;

public class CloseConnectionExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try (Connection connection = JDBCExample.getConnection()) {
            if (connection != null) {
                System.out.println("Connected to the database!");
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

Conclusion

In this tutorial, we have covered the basics of using the JDBC Statement interface to create a table in a MySQL database. We demonstrated how to establish a connection, execute SQL queries to create a table, and close the connection using the try-with-resources statement. This guide should help you get started with JDBC and understand how to use the Statement interface effectively with MySQL.